The birth of the Hulk, and the distorted origins of Marvel Comics

Rereading The Origins of Marvel Comics has reminded me that nobody did more to destroy Stan Lee’s legacy than Stan Lee.

I’m reading it because on chapter of my Jekyll and Hyde book will be devoted to the Hulk. Many comics characters have a Jekyll and Hyde influence — Two-Face, Eclipso, Mr. Hyde (yes, obviously) but the Hulk stands out by his spectacular success. Two Hulk movies, several cartoons (more than I’d realized before starting this work) and the Bill Bixby/Lou Ferrigno TV show. I’ll be watching all of them but first I wanted to read Lee’s own account of the Hulk’s genesis. So I turned to Origins of Marvel Comics.

The book, with the cool John Romita Sr. cover, was so damn cool when it came out in 1974. Not only the origins of multiple heroes, plus several stories from later in their various series, but Lee’s account of how he created all of them. And to be clear, he gets all the credit for their genesis. He conceived of the Fantastic Four, the Hulk, Thor (Marvel’s version, anyway), Spidey and Dr. Strange (Namor doesn’t get his origin in this book, just a crossover with the Hulk). He also invented characterization and realistic dialog in a genre devoid of it. The artists — and he does lavish praise on them — then transformed his ideas into visual form, then he dialogued it.

As John Morrow and Tom Brevoort have both chronicled, that isn’t true. Not only did the artists do a lot of the plotting under the “Marvel method” of the 1960s but Steve Ditko and Jack Kirby played a larger role in creating the characters than Lee gives them credit for here. As noted at the second link, it’s possible Lee did come up with the idea for a character named Spider-Man but it’s also possible Kirby did. Either way, there’s solid evidence Kirby developed the character and drew a few pages only for Ditko to spot that Kirby modeled him on an earlier non-Marvel creation. At which point either Ditko or Lee or both fleshed out the Peter Parker we know.

In the case of the Hulk, Lee claims in origins he was inspired by multiple sources: the Thing’s popularity in Fantastic Four, the tragic figure of the Frankenstein creature, and decided to throw in Jekyll and Hyde as well. I don’t buy the Frankenstein angle — Hulk’s a nasty brute here and not at all sympathetic — and my friend Ross and I agree Hulk’s origin looks closer to a knockoff of Amazing Colossal Man. In that Bert I.Gordon film a soldier drags a man away from a nuclear test site, gets caught in the blast and transformed into a monster.

Jack Kirby, however, claims he came up with the Hulk, a spinoff from one of his other monster stories. Kirby (who provides that first coer) isn’t necessarily accurate either, as he claims he came up with the FF, Spidey and the Hulk back in 1959, two years before the FF appeared (so why the delay?). Though it’s just as likely as Lee coming up with it.

Of course it’s quite possible parts of all these stories are true. Kirby could have come up with the core character, then Lee introduced the Jekyll/Hyde aspect. Same thing if Amazing Colossal Man was the inspiration — and no question, giving the Hulk a part time human identity made him a much more successful series character. Well, sort of. Sales were anemic, for whatever reason (possibly because they kept changing the rules to make the character work) and the book was almost canceled after three issues (it made six). A couple of years later, they tried again with Steve Ditko as artist and co-plotter, and this time it worked. See the link for my thoughts on why.

Lee didn’t always deny his artists’ contributions — the Morrow shows that as Marvel took off in the Silver Age, Lee frequently did give them credit, but he was somewhat more likely to deny they’d done anything but draw. This inevitably led to some buffs claiming Lee contributed nothing but I don’t agree; comparing his work with Ditko on Spider-Man (including the classic cover here) or with Kirby on FF and Thor to their later work without Lee — don’t get me wrong, they did good work post-Silver Age, but Lee definitely brought something to the table. And managed to do good work with other artists such as Marie Severin, Romita Sr. and Jim Mooney too.

By 1974, however, Lee was Marvel’s top dog and Ditko and Kirby were long gone from the Bullpen (though they’d return to do more work eventually). If he wanted to paint himself as an auteur, there was no-one to call him on it. So no, I can’t be certain Lee conceived Hulk or that he conceived him as a Jekyll/Hyde riff. But as I can’t rule it out, the Hulk goes in the book.

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I remember when pundits used to anticipate the Felon tacking to the center …

Ain’t happening. Though apparently some people were convinced Musk would be a moderating influence (I don’t have the link handy). Here’s a quick roundup of some er, fun stuff. Then more links:

He’s refusing the court order to let the AP into the briefing room because they refuse to use “Gulf of America.”

We’re closing dozens of embassies — but I suppose all we need is one in Russia so the administration can get its marching orders.

The DOJ wants to pay reparations to the J6 terrorists. But deporting a genuinely innocent man is no big. Because returning him to the US would ruin the Felon’s plans to deport American citizens. And no, contrary to Commisar Bondi, we are not sending El Salvador the worst of the worst.

CBS hurt President Snowflake’s fee-fees. CBS must pay!

More cuts at NOAA, because worrying about climate is bad.

“The offices that ran the Sickle Cell Data Collection Program, the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System and the National Firefighter Registry for Cancer were scrapped. So were teams that reported the levels of lead in childrens’ blood, alcohol-related deaths, asthma rates, exposures to radon and other dangerous chemicals and how many people who use injectable drugs contract infectious diseases.”

RFK also lies about the effectiveness of the measles vaccine.

Jefferson Griffin lost the race for the NC Supreme Court. Like a lot of Republicans he’s turned to the courts to hand him victory anyway and it’s going well for him.

“The recent experience of the United Kingdom constituted good advice the American electorate refused to take.

The Felon’s willing to pay Greenlanders $10,000 apiece a year from our tax money if they’ll submit to his conquest. Great fiscal restraint, Felon.

To end with some upbeat notes:

“After Donald Trump lost the 2020 presidential race, Republicans who control the Wisconsin Assembly hired Gableman to review how the election was conducted in the swing state. Gableman falsely claimed the election was stolen, consulted with conspiracy theorists, kept shoddy records and unsuccessfully sought to jail mayors and local election officials who he contended weren’t cooperating with him. He publicly urged lawmakers to try to revoke the state’s 10 electoral votes, even as he privately acknowledged doing so was a “practical impossibility.” Gableman’s law license has been suspended for three years.

South Korea has dismissed President Yoon from office after his impeachment for attempting to impose martial law. It can be done.

Harvard has politely told the Felon to go to hell.

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Paperback covers for Tuesday

This one’s uncredited but it looks cool.

I like this David Pelham cover. And it fits Sheckley’s warped sensibilities.

One by Katherine Jeff Jones (she transitioned later in life).

And to wrap up, one by Jack Gaughan.

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Mental gestures resembling ideas

That is how someone — I don’t know who — described the current state of Republican thought: “mental gestures resembling ideas.” Like The Felon’s claim pre-election he had “the outline of a plan” for health insurance. In that spirit, let’s look at some stupid gestures.

Nobody gestures like Sen. Tommy Tuberville who claims “We have entire men’s teams across this country now that are turning trans. Women’s teams, they’re turning trans.” It’s not only a lie, it’s stupid gibberish.

Or consider Pete Hegseth, SecDef, who in addition to purging all mention of nonwhite nonmale heroes from his department is apparently looking to fire anyone who doesn’t contribute directly to “lethality.” Sure, that could be a simple matter of removing a lot of paper-pushers, but the military has lots of civilian employees who handle logistics, family support, etc. I’m not optimistic he can tell the difference.

I’ve often thought the problem with FOTUS is that he’s an old fart, grumbling about low-flush toilets, paper straws and wind farms like the crabby old uncle at the family dinner. This blog post points out he remembers the days of industrial America, assembly lines, blue collar factory work, and he wants it back regardless of whether many Americans are interested or capable of it. Nor does he care that relocating manufacturing and supply chains to the US, even if possible, would be ultra-expensive. The Felon’s reality is immune to fact. Hence, tariffs.

And despite the EU, Canada and China retaliating with tariffs on our goods, the idiot in the White House insists it’s going wonderfully! Record numbers of companies relocating manufacturing to the US! Foreign leaders begging to make a deal! He’s got no names or examples but what do you want from him, facts? He knows his strategy is brilliant! And cutting most of the tariffs (but not all) was his master plan all along. Businesses are totally not suffering!

I’m sure he thinks the same about his desire to conquer Canada and Greenland (and shame on Reuters for talking about “Greenland-acquisition negotiations” as if this were something Greenland or Denmark were open to discussing. Say no to sanewashing). He’s made it clear his snowflake fee-fees can’t stand even a slight demurral from his big, beautiful plan.

(I will pause here and note that Dems who think we shouldn’t make the administration’s crimes and horrific policies into a campaign issue are also making futile mental gestures. This is not the time to reach for unity, not with fascist criminal scum. See also.).

Bill Ackman, big-shot in finance, has one idea — kiss The Felon’s ass. Ditto the Republican Party. A lot of them don’t like the tariffs but they’d sooner beg for exemptions than challenge their god-king’s power and risk his wrath. And other er, thinkers, are also pretending the Felon’s strategy is absolutely brilliant (at the link, an explanation why it isn’t).

Here’s a great mental gesture: Felon backers who figured Elon Musk was smart enough to rein the Felon in. So many bad ideas in that thought.

Or FOTUS thinking he can resurrect the coal industry — presumably part of his nostalgia for the days of massive manufacturing and manly American workers.

As I’m not covering the Felon’s every stupid yap and tweet, that’ll be all for now.

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Love, exciting and old!

Over at Atomic Junk Shop, as I mentioned Friday, we’re currently unable to load photos. As I got too tired Friday to write my usual book review post, I decided what the heck, l’ll use one of the posts I was working on there for today instead.

I didn’t read love comics as a kid. I assume it was about 50 percent them being “mushy girl stuff” but it was 75 percent (yes, I know that doesn’t add up) that I didn’t read anything in the Silver Age but superhero stuff, even manly things like Our Army At War. I didn’t even flip through the non-superhero books on the stand until I was several years older.

If I were sent back in time, however, these covers from the end of 1969 would definitely inspire me to at least flip through an issue and see the story. This Vincent Colletta story, for instance —

— let’s just say I had enough insecurity in my teen years to sympathize with the girl. And I really hope the guy suffers for being such a jerk.

I had a lot of shyness too, which makes me feel a connection with this Heart Throbs cover (Ric Estrada art)

And I’m curious what the dark secret of this Nick Cardy cover girl is.

What does it say that older covers don’t intrigue me as much, good as John Romita’s art is.

Is it that the late-sixties covers have girls who look more like the ones I hung out with and often crushed on? Or that the older DC books seemed to have older characters too? I doubt I’ll ever figure it out.

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Ball of Fire: a film so nice, Howard Hawks made it twice!

When I watched BALL OF FIRE (1941) back in January, I mentioned my disappointment I hadn’t watched it with TYG. So this weekend I watched it again, as a date movie, and for comparison with the 1948 remake, A SONG IS BORN.

As I anticipated, she squeezed maximum dirty jokes out of having gangster’s moll “Sugarpuss” O’Shea (Barbara Stanwyck) rooming with Professor Potts (Gary Cooper) and his seven elderly male colleagues, all working together on an encyclopedia. Potts wants Sugarpuss as a source so he can update the section on slang; she needs to hide out until her mobster boyfriend Joe Lilac (Dana Andrews) can arrange a marriage license. She knows stuff the cops want to grill her about but a wife can’t testify against her husband (to be clear, Lilac was already into her, it’s just that the murder rap he’s facing gave him an extra nudge).

In Romantic Comedy, James Harvey argues the appeal of screwball comedy is that characters can stay sharp, cynical and smartass and still get all goofy over a guy (or a dame). Sugarpuss knows “Pottsy” is a stick-in-the-mud, can’t kiss, is corny in his romantic overtures — but after initially wrapping him around her fingers, she can’t help falling for him anyway. What could have been insufferably cutesy and coy turns out a winner. With Dan Duryea as Lilac’s chief gunman and Richard Haydn and SZ Sakall among the professors. “The human heart reminds me of the windflower, also known as the anemone.”

According to Donald C. Willis in Films of Howard Hawks, Hawks remade Ball of Fire in 1948 as A Song Is Born because RKO offered him “a hell of a lot of money.” The big distinction is that Prof. Frisbee (Danny Kaye) and his crew are researching music; when Frisbee discovers his knowledge of popular music stops with ragtime — no swing, no jazz — he rushes out for a crash course and winds up with singer and mobster’s moll Honey (Virginia Mayo) as an unanticipated house guest.

What makes the film worth remaking was that the set-up allows for some great music. Benny Goodman (playing one of the professors who’s also a clarinetist), Tommy Dorsey, Louis Armstrong and a lot of musicians I’ve never heard of — but no question, these cats can swing, man! However Frisbee going from nightclub to nightclub to listen pushes the nominal plot into the background. And where I found it easy to believe Potts was out of touch with everyday slang, for some reason I find it harder to believe in Frisbee not keeping up on popular music (perhaps because it doesn’t require interacting with regular folks — there’s the radio, vinyl discs …).

A bigger problem is that Hawks is fitting Kaye and Mayo into the Cooper and Stanwyck roles and not making any adjustment. Much as I love Danny Kaye, he’d normally play Frisbee as a nervous, ineffective nebbish; instead he has to play a forceful authority figure like Cooper’s Potts and he just can’t do it. Mayo is a competent actor but she doesn’t have any of Stanwyck’s flirtatious flash and confident swagger. Lines that were funny in the first film — Potts calling the housekeeper a “crab apple annie,” showing he’s learning slang — show up here but they aren’t funny without the slang subplot to anchor them. And none of the supporting cast have the vibrancy of Sakall or Duryea (one of the screen’s great sneering thugs, though also good in rare sympathetic roles). I’d say stick with the original, but if you like the music, it might be worth watching. “I’m merely assuming the role of the lover and you, the role of the maiden.”

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A week of dodging bullets. Yes, that’s a good thing.

First up, I spent today proofing our income taxes. I spotted several errors and when I crunched all the numbers our bill went from $500 in to maybe $100. Whoot! My brain is shot but all I have to do now is print out the forms and send them in.

Second, it was Plush Dudley’s eye checkup this week. He’s had glaucoma for a year and the pet optometrist told us that’s usually the point at which the drugs stop working. Nope, his eye pressure is still excellent. That’s really good news.

Third, TYG went to a social event last weekend and developed a hacking cough a couple of days later. Then I started to hack and cough. No, that’s not good news but it’s very good news that it’s largely cleared up for both of us. Normally she has a hard time fighting off these things and I’ve had multiple infected throats intensify into laryngitis. Doesn’t seem to be happening.

And last but definitely not least, Wednesday morning my iPhone stopped charging. Bad news, obviously, but when I took it to the Apple Store right after lunch, the young woman at the Genius Bar solved the problem — debris in the charging port — and cleared it out easily. I’m impressed and relieved.

Work was … okay, partly because I had to spend the whole day working on the taxes. I’d thought it would be smoother but I made more errors than I thought, and kept thinking “Oh no, that makes us pay out more” followed by “oh, but this error cancels that one out and then some.” Trust me, not as exciting as it sounds.

I didn’t watch anything for Jekyll and Hyde but did work on the section covering Dr. Black, Mr. Hyde. Reading some of the reviews and analysis of the film, I found it more interesting (not necessarily more entertaining) than my review at the link.

I proofed another dozen or so entries in Savage Adventures including yes, The Mental Wizard. I wound up writing two articles for The Local Reporter, one of which they’re holding for next week. They printed one article on the local Chamber Orchestra of the Triangle and one held over from last week on Carrboro’s commitment to Vision Zero, a program for eliminating pedestrian deaths due to traffic.

Over at Atomic Junk Shop we’re suffering an ongoing problem: our tech/admin person is AWOL (valid personal reasons), the site won’t let us load photos a lot of the time, and the hosting company isn’t answering my emails. In hindsight having one person handle the admin with nobody designated as backup was a mistake but this was always meant to be a fun project so none of us thought about that. TYG, skilled IT pro that she is, would have known better.

Still I managed to get some stuff up: reprinting an old post about the choice between buying old vs. new comics, one on what makes a good antihero and one on Timothy Dalton’s debut as Bond in The Living Daylights (Maryam D’Abo, below, plays the Bond Girl)

And the taxes are done! That’s a load off my mind, as is the smaller tax bill.

Doc Savage cover by James Bama; rights to all images remain with current holders.

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A cat and some birds

First photos of Wisp.

And then, well not actual birds but a nest I saw the other day.

And one of the bird houses people have begun placing around our neighborhood.

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When we treat politics like musical chairs, we all lose

Two recent events of note: first, conspiracy theorist and Muslim-hater Laura Loomer convinced The Felon to fire members of the NSA for being insufficiently loyal or having the wrong politics. Second, Christian supremacist Joel Webbon and his podcast co-hosts anticipated the government shutting down Christian churches for doing things like marrying gays or allowing women to preach (Webbon is a complete misogynist).

For all their whining and lying about cancel culture (more here) and political correctness, the right-wing are enthusiastic practitioners. As Vaclav Havel said 50 years ago, when a government claims its entitled to rule because its ideas are true, dissent is seen as a threat. Governments that say they represent the will of God have never tolerated people saying “Well I think God prefers X.” Even if they have no power, aren’t resisting the government, just want to do their own thing, proposing an alternative vision of truth is seen as a threat. Webbon despises independent women and gays so he’s convinced himself they need subjugation (as I’ve said before, religious conservatives misogyny is a poisonous tree).

It’s no surprise that so many organizations are capitulating to the Felon of the United States (here’s a recent example) but it’s a foolish gambit. People who kow-tow to tyranny hope that their expression of loyalty, their cooperation with specific demands or stances, will save their butts. In reality, it’s never enough because the restrictions inevitably grow more restrictive with time.

As Fred Clark at Slacktivist puts it, it’s a game of musical chairs because the standards are constantly shifting and the range of acceptable beliefs keeps tightening. In the first round of Webbon’s fantasy theocracy, anyone who’s too pro-women or pro-gay loses their chair. In the next round, it’ll be women who make rape accusations (if there’s no conviction, Webbon wants them put to death) or black people who advocate for equality. Eager as they are for federal support for their own church projects, the right wing has little interest in religious organizations that support refugees or protecting their rights.

After that, who knows? People who think infant baptism rather than adult baptism is the way to go? Young Earth creationists vs. Old Earth creationists? Plus dissent from the Felon’s whims will always be grounds for taking a chair. Court prophet Kenneth Copeland claims if you don’t vote Republican, Jesus will punish you. How long before that becomes a measure of whether you’re a real Christian entitled to real religious freedom?

Part of that narrowing passage is because power corrupts: I’m sure plenty of megachurch pastors advocating for a Christian state imagine themselves as the new American pope (though a protestant one). Even those who don’t lust for power are bound to realize that if the government decides who’s Christian, they’re safer running the government than facing a tribunal run by other churches.

Another factor is that, as I said, the rules keep changing. Anti-vaxxers existed fifteen years ago but nobody would have held up anti-vax views as a litmus test. Now we have a raging anti-vax nutjob purging the government of anyone whose activities contradict his idiocy. Being POC or a woman and getting respect for military service now gets you shat upon. We’ve gone from the Felon promising an economic boom to a new right-wing orthodoxy that collapsing the economy is good. By this time next year, not believing in the sinister weather-control conspiracy may be a heresy. So may thinking the Felon is not the divinely ordained king of Canada. Amy Coney Barrett’s a Christian conservative but voting against the executive branch in a recent court case makes her “so ungrateful, so disgraceful, spitting in the face of the Constitution” according to Putin sock puppet Benny Johnson.

If they can come for trans people today, tomorrow it’ll be people who don’t want death for trans people. Or people who’s haircuts are too androgynous for the Commissar of Gender Conformity. We can’t be sure what the new rules will be but there will be new rules.

As JFK once said, our religious freedom is safest “where religious liberty is so indivisible that an act against one church is treated as an act against all.” The same is true of all our liberties. The people who’d cheer on Webbon’s ban on churches that are too pro-gay or pro-women may turn around tomorrow and discover their own faith is now heretical.

Even if they don’t, taking away someone’s chair — whether the chair is the right to speak, the right to vote, the right to run a business without paying kickbacks to the Felon — is always wrong. Even if it only affects one small group and nobody else. “They came for the Jews and I did not speak up because I was not a Jew. And then they didn’t come for anyone else.” is not how things work out, ever. Even if they did stop, decent human beings need to speak up for the Jews. Or the Muslims. Or whoever the target is.

Unfortunately too many people don’t want to stop the game of musical chairs. It’s so much fun seeing Jews/sexually active women/blacks/trans kids lose their chairs, and who knows? Maybe you’ll be the last one with a chair! Give it a chance! Sure, everyone else in the game thinks the same thing, and most of them will end up losing but why change the rules when you might get the winner’s chair?

Pushing back against “musical chairs is good!” is part of the fight ahead. Hence this post.

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Hyping Dr. Jekyll’s dungeon of death!

DR. JEKYLL’S DUNGEON OF DEATH (1980) has yet another descendant of Dr. Jekyll (James Mathers) doing evil experiments — though as he points out in the opening narration, unlike his ancestor he’s not fool enough to experiment on himself. Instead he has his brute man assistant, Boris, kidnap people off the streets for testing in his basement.

As he explains at one point, he’s successfully developed a better strain of beef cattle but the bulls are sexless drones who refuse to breed the next generation. He tried adapting his great-grandfather’s formula to unleash their lust, which worked — except that the bulls then killed the cows after mating. He’s been testing on people to see if he can neutralize the aggression — but watching his victims battle in the “dungeon of death,” he’s starting to think creating an army of psycho soldiers would be more lucrative, if he can just refine his control.

This would be a serviceable story, and the fight scenes are good (the producer got actual karate-trained fighters) but too much of the film is creepily misogynistic: Jekyll has his dream girl tied up and drugged for raping (“I want to hear you scream.”) and abuses his mute sister, having already lobotomized her to stop her opposing him. He’s also involved in some elaborate revenge scheme … but we never learn exactly what. Overall, this low-budget entry is not a winner. “Good god, Jekyll, does tragedy follow you everywhere?”

DR. HECKYL AND MR.HYPE (1980) stars Oliver Reed as a deformed podiatrist — think the Fredric March atavistic Mr. Hyde but with Hulk’s skin tone — depressed nobody will ever love him, oblivious that his patients, colleagues and employees are all fond of him. When he takes a friend’s experimental weight loss drug with an eye to drinking enough to kill himself, he discovers, instead, that it’s stripped away the deformities to make him handsome Oliver Reed. Now women are happy to go to bed with him — but at the first hint he’s not their romantic fantasy, he kills them.

This fits into the Nutty Professor subgenre and much like Eddie Murphy’s Professor Klump I feel as if Reed has the same mind in both bodies — I have no trouble believing in his altered behavior as a plausible reaction to his new form. However the movie asserts it’s the drug — he’s become the person he most wants to be, a handsome ladies man, even though it’s the kind of guy he also despises. That’s not a bad idea, I’m not entirely sure it fits here.

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